Monday, January 29, 2007

Reading Job, part 4. Biblical Wisdom

I'm reading commentaries. And general works on wisdom literature. There are 3 books of the Old Testament that everyone agrees is wisdom-literature : Proverbs, Ecclesiastes and Job. They all belong to the same general genre, because they all deal with the life of everyman ...
or rather ... the issues dealt with in each of them are issues that every man (and woman) can relate to.
Proverbs is the easiest of the lot to get to grips with, even if it is not a particularly homogenous work. In it are hymns and proverbs, aforisms and good advise, admonitions and praises. But it is impersonal.
Ecclesiastes purports to be the work of one man, and his struggle to get to grips with what he percieves to be the meaning-less-ness of life Vanitas vanitatum, all is vanity, all is in vain.
And then there is Job. The received wisdom re. Job is, that it deals with innocent suffering. With the major problem, that if God is almighty, and there is only one, then all good as well as all suffering has only one source : God
And how can God allow things to go bad for the good man and good for the bad man.
All this is exemplified in the person of Job. But ... the book itself has different parts. There is the frame-work. Chapters 1-2 and chapter 42:7-17. This is the story that the remainder is hinged upon. Chapters 1-2 establish the piety, wealth and general wonderfulness of Job. It tells of how he looses everything through the work of the contradictor (the satan) first his possessions (and among those : his children) then his health. So, the health, wealth and happiness-deal is off, and when the main-part of the book starts, we find Job, sitting in the ash-heap, scraping his boils and wounds with a pot-sherd. And with 3 friends around him. There to mourn his losses with him.

And then comes the part that groups this one as belonging to the genre of wisdom.
A dialogue between Job and the friends (Eliphaz, Bildad and Zophar). Then a sololiqui by a 4th person (Elihu), and finally, the big show-down between Job and God.

But as I read, and read, and read ... the book itself (in so far 4 different translations and 2 re-tellings), and the commentaries, I frankly find it harder and harder to accept the received wisdom re. this work.
The more I read, the more I become convinced that this book is not about the suffering of the innocent. It is read as such, certainly, and it can be read as such, but ...
All good exegesis must start with reading what is there.
Not what one already knows or assume to know, but what is actually there.
As I wrote in the previous post. This can be troublesome with Job, but ... if the starting-point is, that the text is what it is (disregarding scribal errors), because someone wanted it to be this way, then we have to deal with the weird stuff too. And we have to account for it.
And in my endavor in this direction, the presupposition of the general genre of wisdom is becoming a hindrance. Not that I don't think that the ultimate ... goal of the text is, for the reader as well as the main protagonist to achieve wisdom, knowledge, insight, but ...

This is not an exposition on the right way to live for "everyman" (like Proverbs) or a tractate on how the individual can find meaning in an empty life, as Ecclesiastes attempts. The book of Job seems to me to be about loss and depression ... but the loss is only explicit in the narrative framework, not in the main part of the book. There it is implied, but not spelled out ... (but I need to re-re-re-re-read the main part to be certain about that).
Oh, well. For the moment, I'll try to separate what I know about wisdom-literature in general, and the received knowledge re. Job in particular and try to go with what I read.
After all, that is what exegesis is about :-)

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